10 francs FRANCE (1983) Stendhal

in the coin centre head of French poet and writer en face, on the left his signature; along the left edge in two lines: STENDHAL / 1783-1842, along the bottom edge: RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE (French Republic); ring of pearls and rectangles at the edge

on top of the coin in two lines face value: 10 / FRANCS; below opened book, quill and laurel branch; below year of issue 1983; in the background buildings of St Peter's Basilica in Rome on the left and Milan Cathedral on the right; ring of pearls and rectangles at the edge

plain with concave inscription: LIBERTÉ ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ (motto of France - liberty, equality, fraternity) divided by olive branch, laurel branch and cereal ear

???  no data

1 VII 1993

Jacki Mauviel (signature J.MAUVIEL along the left edge of the reverse)

La Monnaie de Paris (The Paris Mint), Pessac (mint mark at the edge after year of issue 1983 in the obverse, at the edge below Milan Cathedral privy mark of mint's director Émile Rousseau - dolphin)

1983

2 984 411

+ 16 561 in annual boxed sets

Privy marks of the general engravers of the Mint of Paris, which can be found on French coins produced after 1944:

Lucien Bazor	1931-1958		wing
Raymond Joly	1958-1974		owl
Emile Rousseau	1974-1994		dolphin
Pierre Rodier	1994-2000		bee
Gérard Buquoy	2001-2002		horseshoe
Serge Levet	2003		heart
Hubert Larivière	2004-2010		horn
Yves Sampo	from 2011		rosette

The commemorative coin of 10 francs from 1983 commemorates the 200th anniversary of birth of Marie-Henri Beyle (1783-1942) - French writer of the Romantic writing under pen name Stendhal. He was a pioneer of realism in literature. His most famous work is the novel "The red and the black" (Le Rouge et le Noir). He died unappreciated and lonely because he was misunderstood in his time. His work became attractive only in the end of the 19th century.



The Paris Mint (La Monnaie de Paris) dating back to the 6th century is the oldest French institution, and some would say - oldest institution in the world. The mint office is located in the center of Paris in a complex called Hotel des Monnaies, which was opened on December 20, 1775. A cornucopia is the symbol placed on any coin minted by the Paris Mint from January 1, 1880. The second character visible on coins was a symbol of the general engraver (Graveur general). The tradition of this job dates back to 1547 when Henry II of Valois appointed a general engraver as the only person authorized to create the king's portrait. Only the design prepared by the general engraver could have been copied to the coins stamps in national mints. Starting from 2001, the heads of engravers workshop in the Paris Mint do not hold this traditional title anymore, but their privy marks still appear on French coins next to the mint mark.

The name of the French mint - La Monnaie de Paris - suggests that the plant producing coins is located in the French capital. This is however, only the company name and factories were placed in various French cities. At the moment, the only place producing coins of France (and of some other countries) is Pessac near Bordeaux.